H.R. 1266 · Passed House · Crime and Law Enforcement

Combating Illicit Xylazine Act

What it does

Add xylazine to Schedule III of the Controlled Substances Act, subjecting illegal manufacturing, distribution, and possession with intent to distribute to federal criminal penalties.
Require the DEA to track xylazine transactions in its drug reporting system.
Exempt lawful veterinary and pharmacy dispensing of xylazine for animal use from CSA registration requirements.
Require the DEA and FDA to report jointly on the prevalence and impact of illicit xylazine use in the United States.

Official summary

Combating Illicit Xylazine Act This bill regulates xylazine under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA). Xylazine, also known as tranq , is a nonopioid sedative and pain reliever that is approved for use in animals. Recently, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) has reported an increase in trafficking of fentanyl mixed with xylazine. This bill adds xylazine, including its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers, to schedule III of the CSA. Schedule III controlled substances, including anabolic steroids, buprenorphine, and ketamine, have less potential for abuse than a schedule I or II substance, have a currently accepted medical use, and have low or moderate risk of dependence if abused. Under the bill, manufacturing, distributing, or dispensing xylazine, or possessing with intent to manufacture, distribute, or dispense xylazine for illicit use is subject to criminal penalties under the CSA. The bill also requires xylazine transactions to be tracked in the drug reporting system maintained by the DEA. The bill exempts from registration under the CSA persons and entities that possess xylazine (1) lawfully dispensed by a veterinarian or pharmacy and (2) for an animal or for use in…

Latest action

Sep 16, 2026: Received in the Senate. Read twice. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 623.

Committee: House Judiciary